2025, Vol. 7, Issue 8, Part A

Heavy metals, such as iron, magnesium, zinc, chromium and lead are major environmental pollutants, particularly in areas with high anthropogenic pressure. Heavy metal accumulation in soils is of great concern in agricultural production due to the adverse effects on food safety and marketability, crop growth due to phytotoxicity, and environmental health of soil organisms. The influence of plants and their metabolic activities affects the geological and biological redistribution of heavy metals through pollution of the air, water and soil. This review focuses on status of heavy metals on different land uses. Concentration of five HMs in surface soils of all land-uses followed the descending order of Industrial area > Agriculture area > Public places > Residential area > Hospital area. Among the land-uses, the Industrial area site measured the highest concentration of Fe, Mg, Zn, Cr and Pb in soil.