2025, Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A

Mesua ferrea, commonly known as the Ceylon ironwood or Nagkesar, is a medicinally significant plant widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. This study investigates the pharmacological properties of M. ferrea, focusing on its bioactive constituents and therapeutic potential. The plant is rich in secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, xanthones, and essential oils, which contribute to its wide spectrum of biological activities. Preliminary investigations reveal that various parts of M. ferrea-such as flowers, seeds, bark, and leaves-exhibit diverse pharmacological effects. The plant shows significant anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective activities. Studies on its extracts also highlight its analgesic, antipyretic, and anticancer properties, attributed to its potent free radical scavenging and enzymatic modulation capacities.

Furthermore, toxicological evaluations confirm the safety of M. ferrea extracts at therapeutic doses. However, detailed clinical studies are necessary to substantiate its traditional uses and identify potential side effects or drug interactions. This review underscores the plant's potential as a source of novel therapeutic agents and encourages further exploration to unlock its full pharmacological benefits.